Recently, Washington State University for the first time realized the use of 3D printing technology to form a gradient composite structure composed of two different materials in one step, which can effectively reduce the manufacturing process and quickly manufacture complex components with multiple materials. The research was published in the May issue of Additive Manufacturing. Metal-ceramic gradient composites have the advantages of metal and ceramic properties, with high hardness on the ceramic side as well as good wear and corrosion resistance, good ductility, high thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity on the metal side. The traditional method of making metal-ceramic gradient composites is pressing and sintering, requiring not only multiple time consuming steps, but also lack of control over the metal-ceramic transition region. The use of a powder bed based additive manufacturing process can be used to make metal-ceramic gradient materials, but this method requires multiple steps (e.g., premixed powder and converted powder) during processing, which is inefficient. Also, since the thermal conductivity and the coefficient of thermal expansion between the ceramic and the metal material are significantly different, there are still many difficulties in manufacturing the metal-ceramic gradient structure using the additive. Laser Engineered Net Forming (LENSTM) is a direct energy deposition additive manufacturing technique that uses a laser beam as an energy source to form a molten pool on a substrate and supply powder thereon. This technology can be used to make metal and ceramic materials, bimetallic materials and high hardness ceramic coatings. The researchers used the LENS process to fabricate a metal-ceramic gradient structure consisting of Ti6Al4V alloy, Ti6Al4V+Al2O3 composite and pure Al2O3 ceramics. The microstructure and phase analysis of the cross section of Ti-Al2O3 gradient structure were carried out. , element distribution and microhardness measurement. The results show that each part has its own unique microstructure and phase. In addition, the researchers used the LENS process to create a nickel-chromium-copper gradient structure. Nickel-based superalloy Inconel 718 is a high temperature corrosion resistant material that is widely used in gas turbines and rocket engines. The material has good high temperature resistance but low thermal conductivity. By depositing GROCp-84 on Inconel 718, the thermal conductivity of Inconel 718 will increase while maintaining the high strength of Inconel 718 at high temperatures. Compared with pure Inconel 718 alloy, the thermal diffusivity is increased by 250% and the conductivity is increased by 300%, which can improve the life and fuel efficiency of aircraft engines, opening up a new multi-material metal additive manufacturing for the next generation of aerospace structural parts. The possibility.
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Abstract Recently, Washington State University realized the use of 3D printing technology for the first time to form a gradient composite structure composed of two different materials, which can effectively reduce the manufacturing process and quickly manufacture complex components with multiple materials. The research results were published in May's "increasing...