Overgrown citrus orchard Weeds are the enemy of citrus cultivation, which can lead to a 30% reduction in citrus production in severe cases. In the face of mad weeds, chemical herbicides have become the first choice of many fruit farmers because of their convenience, saving trouble and saving labor. A paper ban, paraquat has withdrawn from the historical arena, and glyphosate has become the protagonist of citrus orchards. Glyphosate Glyphosate is a system of broad-spectrum herbicides that is highly damaging to perennial deep-rooted grassland. It can directly kill the roots of weeds. In addition to growing some small root vegetables, the orchard that uses this herbicide for many years. There are very few weeds growing, so they are very popular among farmers. However, it brings convenience to us and also causes phytotoxicity, which affects the growth and results of citrus. So how big is glyphosate damage for citrus? Let's look down. 1, the symptoms of glyphosate phytotoxicity In production, it is often easy to cause accidental spray or chemical liquid drift, which can easily lead to the occurrence of phytotoxicity. The phytotoxicity of glyphosate is divided into direct phytotoxicity, indirect phytotoxicity and hidden phytotoxicity. Direct phytotoxicity Some leaves become brown and withered Drug solution drift causes macular The lighter makes the citrus wilted, and the leaves are dark blue and purple. In severe cases, it turns yellow, turns red, and finally turns brown and dies. Indirect phytotoxicity 　 New shoots grow slowly 　 The blade does not turn green and has a narrow shape The growth of new leaf sprouts was inhibited, the growth of elongation was slow, the greening was affected, and some of the leaves were narrow and long. Recessive phytotoxicity Glyphosate phytotoxicity Glyphosate has a special effect on plants of the grass family, but has a poor effect on broad-leaved plants. It stands to reason that under the general control of weed concentration, the damage to citrus plants is relatively light. However, if it accumulates over time, it will also inhibit the occurrence of new citrus roots and affect its normal growth. The degradation product of glyphosate is easy to combine with iron, zinc and the like in the soil. The effectiveness of iron and zinc is thus reduced, and citrus may have symptoms such as leaflets, mosaics, and branches due to iron deficiency and zinc deficiency. Citrus roots floating Although the orchard sprays the herbicide very carefully, the leaf of the fruit tree can be directly absorbed and transmitted to the root system due to improper operation or a large amount of drug mist drifting with the wind when spraying. If there is a sudden heavy rain within a few hours after spraying glyphosate, the rainwater is directly poured into the soil around the roots with the liquid medicine, so that the roots of the fruit trees are directly absorbed. There are also some orchard soil turbulence and unreasonable fertilization measures, which will make the citrus roots shallower, and even some roots will be exposed on the soil surface. When the herbicide is used, the liquid will spray to the roots, causing damage. Everyone knows that the root system is the main cause of citrus physiological yellowing. After yellowing, the photosynthesis of citrus is reduced, the tree is weakened and the disease resistance is weakened, resulting in low yield and poor fruit quality. Therefore, the author believes that the biggest hidden danger of using glyphosate is also here. 2. Prevention and remediation of phytotoxicity Master the correct use of technology or stop using it For orchards that have developed glyphosate phytotoxicity, they should be stopped immediately and replaced by manual weeding. If the orchard is incapable of using herbicides, it is necessary to correctly master the spraying technology of the herbicide. The sprayer must be covered with a protective cover and a directional spray to prevent the liquid from drifting. Since the contact herbicide paraquat can no longer be used, it can be replaced with glufosinate which is less harmful to citrus. Although glufosinate is also systemic and conductive, it is not strong and relatively safe. Remedial measures after phytotoxicity If the phytotoxicity is serious, first spray the wood ash, you can also spray the acidity in the water and the herbicide, spray 0.04ppm brassinolide on the canopy, add 6ppm sodium nitrophenolate solution, and the brassinolide can increase the plant's Anti-reverse ability, sodium nitrophenolate can promote the protoplast flow of plant cells and reduce the toxic effect. Strengthen fruit nutrition management to reduce phytotoxicity When the upper part of citrus is damaged by glyphosate herbicide, the roots of fruit trees have been seriously damaged, which greatly reduces the absorption capacity of roots. In this case, it is difficult for fruit trees to absorb fertilizers and various minerals in the soil. . Therefore, it is necessary to start from the foliar topdressing and improve the root system. Foliar topdressing: Ensure the nutrition of the tree by means of foliar topdressing. It can be applied, high-purity potassium dihydrogen phosphate, sea snail bio-stimulant (foliar type), etc., and the leaves are evenly sprayed after being diluted 800-1000 times. Improve root system: The tip of citrus is connected to the root system. Only healthy roots can ensure the tree potential and reduce the hidden phytotoxicity of herbicides. You can use the water-soluble fertilizer sea scorpion (rushing type) containing humic acid and alginic acid, 200~300 times after watering, once every 10 days, dripping 2~3 times. Orchard planting grass to inhibit weed growth Orchard planting grass can control the growth of other weeds, prevent soil erosion in orchard, regulate soil moisture and temperature, increase soil organic matter content in orchard, and create a good ecological environment for fruit trees. Therefore, replacing the orchard with herbicides through the method of planting grass in the orchard can not only eliminate the drawbacks of herbicides caused by fruit trees, but also bring good ecological and economic benefits to the orchard. More pesticide knowledge , please pay attention to China Pesticide Network
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