Softener is an additive used to improve the processing property and performance of rubber. It can increase the plasticity of the rubber compound, reduce the viscosity of the rubber compound and the temperature during mixing, improve the dispersibility and mixing, and improve the stretching of the vulcanized rubber. Strength, elongation and wear resistance. Softeners are similar in function to plasticizers, except that plasticizers are chemically synthesized and used primarily in resins and plastics, while softeners are mostly derived from natural materials and are used almost exclusively in rubber.

Softeners can be classified into chemical softeners and physical softeners. Chemical softeners can cut off the molecular chain of a few rubber hydrocarbons and are a weak peptizer. Physical softeners mainly weaken the intermolecular forces of rubber hydrocarbons and act as lubricants. More commonly used in the industry are physical softeners, which are mainly classified into the following categories according to their sources.

1 Petroleum softeners are mainly complex mixtures of paraffins, naphthenes, aromatics and a small amount of asphalt materials, nitrogen-containing organic bases and the like.

2 coal tar softeners include coal tar, coumarone resin and coal tar pitch.

3 Fatty oil softeners are natural oils and their derivatives, such as vegetable oils, fatty acids and ointments.

4 Pine oil softener is a product obtained from turpentine, such as pine tar, rosin, tall oil, wood asphalt and the like.

The following points should be considered when choosing a softener:

1 It has good compatibility with rubber and good compatibility, and does not affect the physical and mechanical properties of rubber.

2 The boiling point is high, not volatile, and chemically stable.

3 non-toxic, tasteless, odorless.

4 sources are easy and cheap.

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