Using kites and drones to produce renewable energy

Aerial Wind Energy System (AWES)

The aerial wind energy system (AWES) is a new technology to collect wind energy. The expensive and heavy towers and rotors of traditional wind turbines are replaced here by a light rope and an aircraft (flexible giant kite or large drone), respectively. In the so-called ground power generation scheme, AWES uses the pulling force of the cable to drag the generator on the ground to generate electricity; while in the flight power generation scheme, electrical energy is generated by the wind turbines on the aircraft and transmitted to the ground through the guide cable. In both cases, the installation and material costs of AWES are very low, and it can operate at high altitudes (more than 500 meters), where the wind is stronger and less intermittent. They also have low line-of-sight interference, do not depend on traffic, and are suitable for producing energy in remote and inaccessible areas.

AWES is a disruptive technology that operates at high altitudes and generates electrical energy. Gonzalo Sánchez Arriaga explained that he is a researcher in the UC3M Department of Bioengineering and Aerospace Engineering. He added that these disciplines combined well-known disciplines such as electrical engineering and aeronautics, such as motor design, aeroelasticity and control, as well as novel and non-traditional disciplines such as drone and cable dynamics.

Under this framework, UC3M researchers have proposed a new type of AWES flight simulator in a scientific article recently published in Applied Mathematics Modeling. Mr. Ricardo Borobia Moreno, an aerospace engineer in the field of flight mechanics at the Spanish National Institute of Aerospace Technology (INTA), explained that the simulator can be used to study the behavior of AWES, optimize its design and find a trajectory that maximizes energy production. The software is owned by UC3M, has been registered, can be downloaded for free, and can be used for research purposes of other groups.

In addition to the simulator, the researchers also developed a flight test rig for AWES. The two kites are equipped with some instruments and key information, such as the kite's position and speed, sideslip angle, and tether tension, which have been recorded in multiple flights. The experimental data is used to verify the different software tools, such as the simulator described above and estimate the state of the kite characterized by different parameters at each instant. The preparation of the test bench requires a lot of time, effort and resources, but it also arouses the interest of the students. Gonzalo Sánchez Arriaga said that in addition to research, the project has also enriched teaching activities, because many of them have completed the final projects of undergraduate and masters at AWES.

(Originally from: Daily Science China New Energy Network Synthesis)

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