The United States "Time" magazine reported that sports can bring us many benefits, help us burn calories, reduce weight while reducing the risk of heart disease, stroke and diabetes. In addition to this, there is an incredible effect of exercise - changing our DNA. According to a new study conducted by Julien Zelros, a professor of physiology at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden, exercise can make healthy changes in gene activity. Even a 20-minute exercise can produce this effect. Carcinogens and toxins can cause abnormalities and genetic variations in the body. In contrast, DNA changes caused by exercise are healthy and can increase muscle work efficiency. Surprisingly, even a 20-minute exercise can bring positive changes. In a paper published in the Journal of Cell Metabolism, Zel Ros and colleagues describe the early changes that occur when muscle cells move in the body. A total of 14 young men and women who did not exercise regularly participated in the new study. During the research, Zelros asked them to ride a fitness bike and measure their extreme levels. With the consent of the researchers, the researchers extracted the participants' quadriceps samples. The entire process was performed under local anesthesia and did not cause any suffering to participants. Before the participants performed exercise, the researchers extracted muscle cells for the first time and extracted them again after 20 minutes of exercise for comparative analysis. With these living tissue samples, the researchers compared a series of muscle-related gene activities before and after exercise. After exercise, more genes in the muscle cells were activated and participants were less likely to have DNA methylation. Methylation is a molecular process. Methyl groups accumulate on DNA, limiting the ability of cells to "turn on" certain genes. By controlling the degree of methylation of the cells at a particular time, the genes in the DNA can be regulated, allowing which genes to be activated. Activation of a specific gene enables the formation of specific cells, such as eye cells or hepatocytes. Taking a 1 mile (about 1.6 km) jogging on the sidewalk for example, methylation can cause muscle cells to release the correct enzymes and nutrients, allowing muscles to gain energy and burn calories. Zelros said: "We are trying to understand the early information received by the muscles. This information seems to be saying 'I have a situation here, we need to work together to get more enzymes and nutrients in order to meet the needs of the movement'. †Zilros pointed out that the greater the intensity of exercise, the greater the amount of methyl groups removed. In the study, they allowed the participants to perform two different intensity cycling exercises in one week. By comparing the participants' gene activity, they came to this discovery. The intensity of the two exercises reached 40% and 80% of the limit of the participants respectively. After exercise, muscle biopsy samples were extracted for comparative analysis. The results of the analysis showed that the concentration of methyl groups in the muscle cells extracted after reaching the limit level of 80% was lower, and RNA (the first by-product of gene activity) was more. To determine the role of exercise in muscle gene expression, scientists studied how calcium affects the entire system. When the human body carries out high-intensity exercise, muscle cells release calcium and accelerate muscle contraction. If the release of calcium is curbed, this effect disappears and the muscles cannot shrink significantly. Subsequently, Zherros added coffee, specifically caffeine, to the petri dish. Caffeine can trigger the release of calcium, prompt the methyl group to move away, and turn on genes that help muscles contract. As she expected, after injecting caffeine into a culture dish containing rat leg muscle cells, the muscle cell's methyl group concentration decreased and more RNA appeared at the same time, similar to the effect produced after exercise. Zelros said this does not mean that people can use coffee instead of sports. She said: "We think that most of the physiological effects of caffeine are on the central nervous system, not on all muscles. To get the effect we see in muscles, you need to drink 50 cups of coffee a day, and this It is close to the lethal dose. In my opinion, half an hour of high-intensity exercise is enough to achieve the same effect." Snap Hook,Common DIN5299C Snap Hook,Stainless Steel Snap Hook Shackles,Hook,Link Chain Co., Ltd. , http://www.goshardware.com