More and more countries are moving away from traditional fossil fuels to green energy. Many researchers around the world are eager to find the next major breakthrough technology in renewable energy production, especially through increasingly effective biomass conversion methods. The latest progress in the efforts of global scientists is a new discovery by a team of scientists located in the Indian National Chemical Laboratory (NCL) in the western Indian city of Pune, which provides a faster and more environmentally friendly technology for the conversion of energy Converted to biodiesel. A team of scientists from the National Chemical Laboratory (NCL) in the western Indian city of Pune discovered a new version of the zeolite catalyst—HPW / Meso-HZ-5, which converts industrial biomass into an effective biofuel compound (called furfural) The conversion process is more efficient. The current standard method for producing furfural starts with biomass from agricultural wastes, such as bagasse, cottonseed hulls, sawdust, oat hulls, rice hulls, wheat hulls, and bran. After preparing furfural, the first step in the current conventional method to make it a viable biofuel is to convert it to furfuryl alcohol, which is then further processed to produce alkyl levulinate. However, this process is long and complicated, with many steps, and it is where the catalyst found by the NCL team can play a major role, greatly speeding up the conversion process The zeolite catalyst can be used in the experiments of 100% furfuryl alcohol conversion and 97% ethyl levulinate biodiesel yield (an alkyl levulinate) and 3% ethoxymethyl (food additive) furan yield Works well. Importantly, when used alone, the new HPW / Meso-HZ-5 catalyst produces better effects than the original catalysts H-ZSM-5 and Meso-HZ-5. As the research team explained, as the number of active parts increases, the aperture becomes larger and the travel distance shortens, thereby improving the accessibility of the active parts. The low molar ratio of the reactants will reduce the separation costs associated with unreacted ethanol, operating costs, and reactor size, making the process economically feasible and industrially safe. The research team that discovered the enzyme is located in India. This country is the world ’s second largest sugarcane producer and one of the world ’s largest producers of rice, beans, and wheat. These crops have created a large number of Biodiesel is used to create the agricultural waste necessary for biofuels. If the NCL ’s discovery allows this method to produce biodiesel on a large scale, then this may be an opportunity for Indian farmers, it will also bring additional income, and may create jobs in poor areas of the subcontinent. This advancement in biofuel research is only part of the large-scale investment activities that the Indian government wants to become a global leader in green energy. So far, the initiative has achieved great success, because according to Bloomberg NEF's 2018 Climatescope report, India has become the world's largest renewable energy auction market and the second largest target for clean energy investment. According to the 2018 International Energy Investment Report of the International Energy Agency (IEA), India ’s investment in the field of renewable energy last year exceeded the expenditure of traditional fossil fuel power generation for the first time in history. In 2017, India ’s renewable energy investment was nearly US $ 20 billion, accounting for more than one-third of the investment in the power industry. The main reason is that investment in solar and wind projects has almost doubled. Compared with global energy sector expenditures, India ’s achievements in the green energy sector are particularly impressive. Global energy sector expenditures have fallen sharply for three consecutive years. In 2017, global energy investment was only 1.8 trillion US dollars. The International Energy Agency expects that the downward trend will continue for several years in the future.
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