National Technical Supervision Bureau 1990-09-08 Approved 1991-09-01 Implementation
1 Subject content and scope of application This standard specifies the safety and hygiene requirements for the packaging, transportation, handling, storage and storage, sales, use and disposal of pesticides .
This standard applies to workplaces and staff of pesticide storage, sales and use.
2 Reference standard
GB 190 dangerous goods packaging mark
GB 2890 filter gas mask
GB 3796 General Principles of Pesticide Packaging
GB 6220 long tube mask
GB 6223 filter anti-particle mask
3 packaging
3.1 Pesticide factory packaging (sub-packaging) According to GB 3796 regulations, the toxicity mark meets the requirements of GB 190. Apparent parts of the packaging should have the product name, product standard number, pesticide registration number, production license or production certificate number, production date, batch number, toxicity mark, and manufacturer name.
3.2 Pesticide packaging (packaging) should be carried out by healthy, professionally trained adults.
3.3 Pesticide packaging (packing) operations should be carried out in places with anti-virus facilities. It is required to be well ventilated and equipped with necessary purification devices. Workers should wear protective clothing and respiratory protective gear and clean them in time after work.
4 handling and transportation
4.1 Loading and unloading requirements
4.1.1 The loading and unloading personnel should use adults who are healthy and can identify the toxicity level of pesticides.
4.1.2 Pesticide handling must be carried out under the guidance of a dedicated person and under adequate lighting conditions. Handle gently when loading and unloading, do not invert, to prevent collision, spillage and damage. When loading and unloading highly toxic pesticides, there should be warning signs to prevent idlers from entering, and workers should wear gas masks (anti-microparticle masks) and protective clothing.
4.1.3 The loaded and unloaded pesticides should have intact packaging and signs.
4.1.4 The loading and unloading personnel are not allowed to smoke and thirst during the operation, and are not allowed to eat. They should not wipe their mouths, face, eyes or forbidden shirts.
4.1.5 After each loading and unloading, the operator must promptly wash the face, hands and mouth with soap (or special detergent); protective equipment should be cleaned in time.
4.2 Transportation requirements
4.2.1 Transport of pesticides shall be carried out on vehicles with easy-to-clean, corrosion-resistant, sturdy, receptacles, and transport of food and passengers shall not be used. The necessary fire-fighting equipment and first-aid kits should be provided on the vehicles and ships; the vehicles and ships should be marked with “Caution toxic” and “Flammable”.
4.2.2 The bottom of the transport vehicles and vessels should be protected by spacers and reinforcement measures to prevent pesticide packaging damage and pesticide spillage; tools that are prone to leakage should not be used.
4.2.3 The transportation tools must be cleaned before the pesticides are shipped; the damaged and incompletely packaged pesticides are not allowed to be shipped; the flammable pesticides with a flash point below 61 °C should be shipped by means of a metal container.
4.2.4 When carrying out multi-species pesticides, they should be classified and placed without being mixed. If there are conditions, containers should be used, and high-toxic pesticides should be clearly marked.
4.2.5 The paying and shipping parties should carefully check the variety and quantity of pesticides, and sign the bill of lading, then close the door and put on a rainproof cloth.
4.2.6 The transporter must carry a “Dangerous Goods Transport Permit” with the permit: the address and telephone number of the transport company, the name, characteristics, hazards and emergency preparedness measures of the transported goods.
4.2.7 Transportation should choose the correct route, the speed should not be too fast, and strive to drive smoothly. It is forbidden to stop at the concentration point of residents during transportation. When it is necessary to stay, it should be 200m away from the residential area.
4.2.8 Drivers and escorts should be familiar with the safety requirements for transporting pesticides. Do not smoke or drink during transportation, take off your overalls, wash your hands, face and rinse your mouth before eating.
4.2.9 Pesticide unloading and after the ship should be cleaned at a special site. Cars and cabins carrying organic phosphorus and chlorine pesticides can generally be washed with bleach (or slaked lime) solution and then with water; metal containers can be scrubbed with a little solvent. The waste liquid should be poured into a special pit and should not be sprinkled freely.
4.3 Accident emergency treatment
4.3.1 In case of leakage or scattering during the shipment of pesticides, preventive measures should be taken in time to properly handle the pollution of water, soil and materials, and the operators should use protective equipment.
4.3.2 Pesticide products with damaged packaging should be repaired or repackaged in time. If they cannot be solved at one time, they should be transferred to a safe place away from residential areas and water sources.
4.3.3 Pesticides scattered on the car, on the ship or on the ground should be removed in time, and the waste muck should be buried in the residential area and water source.
4.3.4 If the clothing and skin of the driver and escort who transport the pesticide are contaminated, they should be washed in time.
5 Storage and storage
5.1 Personnel requirements
5.1.1 Custody personnel should use adults with junior high school education or above, good health and experience.
5.1.2 Custody personnel must undergo professional training and master the basic knowledge of pesticides and safety knowledge.
5.2 Treasury requirements
5.2.1 Special warehouses should be separated from residential areas and water sources, and there should be walls around them and fire exits. The warehouse should have smooth, non-leakage, complete structure, dry, bright, well-ventilated conditions; the ground and ceiling should be chemically resistant and easy to clean; use of caves, basements and fuel depots as pesticide warehouses is prohibited.
5.2.2 A dedicated warehouse should be provided with an isolated living room.
5.2.3 Isolation work rooms, fire-fighting equipment (including fire extinguishers, buckets, shovel, forks, etc.) and first-aid kits (with commonly used antidote, special antidote, potassium permanganate, absorbent cotton, red mercury water, etc.) Iodine, hydrogen peroxide, bandages, etc.).
5.2.4 There is no heating in the warehouse. When the temperature needs to be raised to meet the storage conditions, the method of indirect heating air feeding should be adopted.
5.2.5 Temporary warehouses should, in principle, comply with the requirements of 5.2.1--5.2.4, and should have safe isolation measures when storing high-toxic pesticides.
5.3 Storage requirements
5.3.1 The stored pesticides should be packaged and marked intact, and the damaged or unmarked pesticides should be disposed of in a timely manner.
5.3.2 Pesticide stacking in the warehouse should be reasonable, leave the power supply, avoid direct sunlight, the weight is stable, and leave the aisles necessary for transporting the tools.
5.3.3 Different types of pesticides should be stored separately. High-toxic pesticides should be stored in separate single rooms (or special boxes) with inlets and outlets that can be locked, and should be kept ventilated; flammable pesticides with flash points below 61 °C should be separated from other pesticides and separated by flame retardant materials. .
5.3.4 Different packaged pesticides should be stored separately, the weight should not be too high, and there should be anti-seepage moisture-proof mats.
5.3.5 It is forbidden to store substances in the warehouse that have an impact on the quality of pesticides, are polluted by food, and are harmful to fire prevention, such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and nitric acid.
5.4 Treasury Management Requirements
5.4.1 Strictly implement the pesticide storage and delivery registration system. When the pesticide is put into storage, check the packaging and signs, record the variety and quantity; the quality of the pesticides to be discharged should be reliable, the packaging mark should be complete, and the instruction manual must be used.
5.4.2 Regularly check whether the stored pesticides meet the requirements of Article 5.3; regularly maintain the ventilation, lighting, fire protection and other facilities and protective equipment in the warehouse to keep them in good condition.
5.4.3 Clean the pesticide warehouse regularly and keep it clean.
5.4.4 The warehouse should be cleaned before storing new pesticides. Storehouses containing organic phosphorus, dinitrophenol compounds, etc. can be treated with lime liquid or a small amount of lye and rinsed with water.
5.4.5 Personnel entering the high-toxic pesticide storage room must wear protective masks and protective clothing, while ensuring good ventilation and lighting.
6 sales
6.1 The pesticides sold in the market must be products that are required to be registered in accordance with the “Pesticide Registration Regulations” of China.
6.2 Sales personnel should have a certain level of culture and good health. They must undergo professional training to master the basic knowledge of pesticides; and they have the responsibility to cooperate with the drug department to promote the safe and effective use of pesticides.
6.3 The pesticides distributed by the sales department must have a registration certificate and a production license (or a permit).
6.3.1 The pesticides sold must be fully packaged, marked and instructed for use.
6.3.2 Various weights, contents and suitable packaging suitable for the user's needs shall be provided.
6.3.3 The pesticide products that have failed shall be reported and disposed of in time; the expired pesticide products shall be sent to the pesticide inspection department for verification and approval for sale.
6.4 Original pesticides are generally not allowed to be modified in the sales process. When they need to be packaged, their operation must be carried out in a place with anti-virus facilities. The repackaged pesticides should have labels and instructions.
6.5 In the course of sales, personnel involved in weighing, necessary dispensing, picking up and other direct contact with pesticides shall wear protective equipment and pesticide leakage and scattering shall be handled promptly and properly.
7 use
7.1 In the opening of pesticide packaging, weighing preparation and application, operators should wear the necessary protective equipment, be careful and prevent pollution.
7.2 Personnel requirements
7.2.1 Personnel using pesticides must select healthy adults with a certain culture.
7.2.2 Pesticide formulators must be professionally trained to master the necessary techniques and be familiar with the performance of the pesticides used.
7.2.3 Pregnant women and lactating women shall not participate in the dispensing and application of drugs.
7.3 Pesticide preparation
7.3.1 Dispensing must be in accordance with the instructions (or specific requirements) to open the package, select the preparation method and apparatus; according to the prescribed or recommended dosage and dilution factor quantitative dosing; no direct contact by hand, should be stirred by tools.
7.3.2 The weighing and preparation of pesticides should be carried out according to the nature and dosage of the drugs to prevent spillage and scattering of the chemicals.
7.3.3 The preparation of pesticides should be carried out at a site far from residential areas, livestock pens and water sources; the pharmacy should be used with the equipment, and the sealing measures should be taken as far as possible; the remaining pesticides should be enclosed in the original packaging after opening. Transfer to other packages.
7.3.4 Dispensing instruments are generally required for special use. They should be washed after each use and should not be washed in rivers, streams or wells.
7.4 General provisions for application
7.4.1 Requirements before application
7.4.1.1 When several pesticides are available for control, the pesticide with the lowest toxicity should be used first; in the case of pesticide toxicity, the pesticide with low residue should be used.
7.4.1.2 Determine safe and effective methods of application based on the pesticide formulation and the target of the control.
7.4.1.3 Provide protective equipment according to the toxicity and application methods and characteristics of pesticides.
7.4.1.4 The application equipment should be in good condition; the application site should be provided with sufficient water, cleaning agent, emergency medicine and necessary repair tools.
7.4.2 Requirements for application
7.4.2.1 Applicators should wear appropriate gas masks (anti-microparticle masks), protective clothing and gloves.
7.4.2.2 During the application, the operator is not allowed to drink alcohol, smoke, drink, eat, or wipe the eyes, face and mouth with hands, avoid excessive fatigue and overheating.
7.4.2.3 When spraying pesticides in the field, the operator should always be in the upwind position and should not enter the area where the medicine has been sprayed. Spraying pesticides at noon in rainy days, high winds, and hot seasons (above 30 °C).
7.4.2.4 The spraying of pesticides on the aircraft should be done well. The warning signs should be set on the edge of the application area. There should be signal command and it should not enter the sprayed area. The container should be sealed as much as possible. The medicine should be mechanically used as much as possible. Personal guidance.
7.4.2.5 The fumigation of the warehouse should be marked with “no entry” or “toxic”; the temperature in the fumigation warehouse should be lower than 35°C; the fumigation operation must be carried out in turn by more than 2 people, and special personnel should be supervised.
7.4.2.6 Pesticide seed dressing should be carried out in a place away from residential areas, water sources, food storage, barns and well ventilated, and should not be touched by hand.
7.4.2.7 For the application of highly toxic pesticides, there must be more than two operators; the daily working time of the pesticide application personnel should not exceed 6 hours, and the continuous application should not exceed 5 days.
7.4.2.8 Non-operators are not allowed to stay in the application area when applying the medicine; warning signs should be set up in areas where high-toxic pesticides have been applied.
7.4.2.9 Pesticides, dipping seeds and application equipment temporarily placed in the field must be taken care of.
7.4.2.10 If the application personnel have symptoms of poisoning such as headache, dizziness, nausea or vomiting, they should immediately leave the first aid treatment.
7.4.3 Requirements after application
7.4.3.1 The remaining or unused pesticides shall be labelled and returned to the warehouse; the remaining amount of the formulated medicament shall be applied the next day within the allowable range.
7.4.3.2 The drug-filled device shall be cleaned of the remaining drug, stored after washing, and should not be disposed of in the pesticide warehouse for a unified treatment.
7.4.3.3 The application record should be made, including: the name of the pesticide, the object of treatment, the amount, scope, time and the minimum interval between re-entry to the application area. Non-professionals who are highly toxic or restricted in use shall not enter the application area during the specified period after application.
7.4.3.4 The protective equipment used by the pesticide application personnel shall be taken off and cleaned in time, and the pesticide application personnel shall promptly wash away the pollution.
8 Waste treatment
8.1 Deteriorated, failed pesticides and phase-out pesticides confirmed by the designated technical department of the country shall be destroyed.
8.1.1 Highly toxic pesticides should generally be chemically treated and then buried in trenches with impervious structures. Keep away from residential areas and water sources and establish “toxic” signs.
8.1.2 Low-poison, poisoned pesticides should be buried in deep pits away from residential and water sources.
8.1.3 Pesticide destroyed by incineration shall be carried out in a special furnace.
8.2 Pesticides spilled in non-application areas should be disposed of in a timely manner.
8.2.1 Liquid pesticides should be cleaned and cleaned with sawn wood, dry soil or granular adsorbent. If it is highly toxic and the amount is large, it should be treated or applied according to 8.1.1.
8.2.2 Solid pesticides should be cleaned in a safe place or applied in a timely manner.
8.3 Pesticide waste packaging materials are strictly forbidden to be used as they are. They should not be thrown away and should be disposed of properly; they can be recycled by the sales department or the production factory in good condition; the damaged packaging materials of high-toxic pesticides should be treated according to 8.1.1.
8.4 The disposal methods and disposal sites of a large number of discarded pesticides shall be approved by the labor and environmental protection departments and reported to the higher authorities for the record.
8.5 Protective equipment must be worn during waste disposal.
9 personal protection
9.1 Principles of respiratory organ protection
9.1.1 Contact, use highly toxic (including highly toxic and highly toxic pesticides prescribed by the WHO) and use poisonous or low-toxic pesticides as aerosols in closed spaces (such as greenhouses, warehouses, livestock, etc.) When using the fumigant, the gas mask conforming to GB 2890 or GB 6220 should be selected according to the characteristics of the pesticide (if the medicament has irritative damage to the eyes and face, a full-face mask should be worn).
9.1.2 When contacting, using medium or low toxicity non-volatile pesticide powder and smoke, anti-particle mask conforming to GB 6223 should be selected.
9.1.3 When using, using or low-toxic volatile pesticides, suitable anti-virus masks should be used; if the application rate is high and the vapor concentration is high, the gas mask conforming to GB 2890 should be used.
9.1.4 In the contact and use of pesticides, when toxic vapors and smog are present at the same time, a canister with a filter layer should be used with it.
9.2 Principles of skin protection equipment selection Skin protection equipment should refer to Appendix A according to the type and nature of the operation.
9.3 Use and preservation of protective mouth
9.3.1 Protective equipment that meets the standards or the technical department entrusted by the state must be used and strictly in accordance with the instructions.
9.3.2 After the protective equipment is used, it should be cleaned, maintained and stored in a clean and dry room.

Appendix A

List of skin protection products for contact and use of pesticides (supplement)


Table A1 List of skin protective equipment for people exposed to and using pesticides━━━━━━━━━━━━┯━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
Work items │ must use protective materials ────────────┼────────────────────────
1 Spraying pesticides │
a. Open the container, dilute and mix │ breathable overalls ^1) and rubber apron (or rubber, PVC film from one container into another container wash │ protective clothing), rubber shoes, rubber gloves, protective glasses brush equipment (including Aircraft) │
b. Field or greenhouse crop spraying │ breathable work report, protective cap aircraft spraying ground personnel │
c. Climbing plants, shrub application │ breathable overalls, rubber protective clothing, protective caps ────────────┼───────────────── ───────
2 Applying granules or powder │
a. Open the container │ breathable dust-proof clothing ^ 2), rubber (or plastic) apron, rubber gloves,
│ rubber shoes
b. Hand sown or manual medicinal application │ breathable dustproof report (or tape protective clothing), rubber long gloves, rubber shoes
c. Tractor supporting medical equipment, spraying │ breathable dust-proof overalls (or protective clothing for gloves), gloves
d. Ground personnel during the spraying of the aircraft │ breathable dust-proof clothing (or tape protective clothing), protective cap ────────────────────────── ──────────
3 Ground spraying and soil application │ breathable overalls, rubber aprons, rubber gloves, rubber shoes ────────────┼──────────────── ────────
4 A large number of soaking │ breathable overalls, rubber (or plastic) aprons, rubber gloves, rubber shoes ────────────┼────────────────── ──────
5 Fumigation warehouse │ breathable overalls, rubber protective clothing, rubber gloves, rubber shoes, protective caps ────────────┼────────────────── ──────
6 Pesticide handling, waste disposal │ breathable overalls, rubber aprons, rubber gloves, protective gloves, anti- │ shoes ────────────┼──────────── ────────────
7 Pesticide weighing preparation │ breathable overalls, protective gloves (or rubber gloves)
━━━━━━━━━━━━┷━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━
Note: 1 Breathable overalls refer to work clothes with certain anti-drug penetration properties. They can be made of cotton fabrics or blended fabrics made of waterproof and oil-repellent resin.
2 Breathable dust-proof clothing refers to work clothes with dust-proof particle permeability, which can be processed by fabrics with high dust-proof efficiency and smooth fabric.

Appendix B

China's pesticide toxicity classification (supplement)


B1 highly toxic pesticide phorate (3911), Suhua 203, parathion (1605), methyl parathion, 1059, chlorpyrifos, monocrotophos, phosphonamine, methamidophos, isopropion, three Phosphorus, omethoate, zinc phosphide, aluminum phosphide, cyanide, carbofuran, fluoroacetamide, pyridine cream, insecticidal mites, celidine, celidine, ulcer, pentachloro, dibromochloride Propane, 401, chloropicrin, etc.
B2 moderately toxic pesticides such as chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, tianfengsan, ethionine, imipenem, leather rope phosphorus, hexachlorocyclohexane, hexamethylene hexaerythritol, toxaphene, chlordane, dyphine, carbaryl,扑扑,叶蝉散,速灭威,混灭威,抗蚜威, fenthion, dichlorvos, pyrethroids, 克瘟散, 稻瘟净, 克克松, 402, 福美砷, rice feet Cyan, retort, dexamethasone, daisen ring, 2,4-D, oats, chlorpyrifos, etc.
B3 low-toxic pesticide trichlorfon, marathon, acephate, phoxim, dicofol, carbendazim, thiophanate, captan, zinc, thiram, rust, diarrhea, ethyl phosphate Aluminum, chlorothalonil, herbicide ether, chlorpyrifos, atrazine, chloralamine, lasso, chlorpyrifos, metformin, chloromeron, diuron, trifluralin, bentazon, thatch Withered, glyphosate, etc.

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