White rot is mainly caused by ear (cob, fruit) and branches. In the middle and late (color-changing period) onset; high temperature, high humidity incidence, heavy hail or storm, it is easy to cause a pandemic; management of extensive, diseased and mechanical damage, the results of low parts of the orchard.

Disease prevention and control: reduce the source of infection, ground film, elevated cultivation, and improve fruit position. Effective agent: 80% mancozeb WP 800 times; 50% Fumei double WP 500 times; 25% tebuconazole EC2500 times; 25% pyraclostrobin EC 3000 times; 60% pyraclostrobin and Mori WDG 1500 times.

Anthrax is mainly caused by ear and branch. In the early stage of infection, the incubation period lasted for more than 20 days. The disease began to occur in the near maturity stage, and the fruit matured into the prosperous period; the disease occurred at high temperature and high humidity.

Disease control: It is necessary to prevent and control the infestation of the grape in the early stage of growth, and also to control the infection after entering the coloring period. Before and after flowering, combined with prevention and control of white rot and downy mildew, spray an effective agent at intervals of about 15 days, focusing on protecting the ear, and the drug is similar to white rot.

The best way to prevent downy mildew is to avoid rain. Effective agents: 80% mancozeb WP 600 times, 50% Fumei double WP 500 times, 250 grams / liter of azoxystrobin EC 1000 times, 50% dimethomorph WP2500 times, 66.8% C · 缬 缬 威 WP700 ~ 1000 times.

Black pox is commonly known as bird eye disease. Mainly harmful to the green and young part of the grape. The onset of the disease is from mid-June to early July. The incidence of partial nitrogen fertilizer is heavy; the soil is sticky, the groundwater level is high, and the humidity is heavy.

Disease control: starting from the exhibition leaves, spray a protective fungicide once a week before flowering, 80% mancozeb WP 800 times, 50% carbendazim WP 1000 times, 40% flusilazole EC 8000 times, 25% Tebuconazole EC 2500 times.

Powdery mildew mainly affects young organs such as leaves, new shoots and fruits. A layer of white powder is visible on both sides of the lesion. The temperature rises from 25 °C to 30 °C, and the drought or dry-wet is suitable for disease prevalence. Shandong from late July to early August is the peak period.

Disease prevention and control: spray 3~5 wave of sulphur sulphur mixture before germination, which can completely eliminate the pathogens of wintering, and pay attention to timely removal of diseased shoots and diseased shoots. Before or after the onset, choose to spray tebuconazole or diphenyl ether. A triazole fungicide such as a cyclic azole.

Gray mold is mainly harmful to fruits and inflorescences. On the fruit, the lesions are sag, and the succulent mold layer grows on the damaged fruit. The inflorescence is susceptible to disease, and it is light brown water-immersed at first, then dark brown soft rot, and finally shrinks, dry and falls off. The pathogens overwinter in susceptible branches, branches or stiff skin; rainy, humid and cooler weather conditions are suitable for gray mold; grape flowering and fruit ripening are the peak of the disease.

Disease control : clean orchard; control the use of available nitrogen fertilizer; reduce field humidity. Chemical control, spray 1~2 times before flowering and before bagging, can be used alternately with procymidone, iprodione, vinyl nucleus, and pyrimethanil.

Brown spot is mainly harmful to leaves, causing early leaves. In the early stage of the disease, it was light brown and irregular horny spots. In severe cases, the number spots became large spots, and the diseased part died in the later stage. Generally, it begins to occur after fruit setting, and the leaves on the ground are more likely to spread upwards; the high temperature, high humidity and rainy season are easy to occur.

Disease prevention and control: spraying prevention and treatment in the early stage of the disease . The effective agents include Bordeaux mixture, propidium zinc, mancozeb, tebuconazole, etc., spraying once every 10 to 15 days, continuously spraying 2 to 3 times. Since the disease generally spreads upward from the lower part of the plant, the first and second sprays should focus on spraying the lower leaves.

The young leaves of the green- spotted scorpion were initially exposed with tiny dark brown necrotic spots, and the posterior leaf margins were cracked. In severe cases, the leaves were twisted and shrunk, appearing old or deformed; the growth point of the new shoots was dark brown and brown necrotic spots, but the growth point was not Will fall off; the young flower ear will shrink and fall off after being killed.

Comprehensive control: remove the weeds of the plants and the mixed trees such as the willows. Pay attention to ditch drainage during the rainy season and reduce the humidity in the park. Improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the frame. For saplings and partial trees, avoid excessive winter shearing; apply more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, control nitrogen fertilizer, and prevent grape growth. Grape leafing period, before flowering, after Xiehua three spray control, 40% of Duowei WP3000 times and pyrethroids.

The short-shoulders are cleared in the winter, and the old rough skin on the branches is removed to destroy the female adults that overwinter in the rough skin. When the spring grapes are germinated, they are sprayed with a mixture of 3% meto-flowing agent and 0.3% washing powder. During the grape growing season, spray 0.2-0.3 Baumeite sulphur mixture, avermectin or 40% dicofol EC800 times solution.

瘿螨 (felt disease) is mainly harmful on the back of the leaves. In the early leaves, many irregular white patches were produced, which gradually enlarged to a thick layer of felt-like white fluff, which then changed from brown to dark brown. The affected part has a concave back and a convex surface.

Comprehensive control: Before the germination of the early spring grapes, when the buds are swollen, spray 3 to 5 degrees of Baumeite sulfur mixture. At the beginning of the grape growth, the damaged leaves were immediately removed and burned to prevent further spread. For seedlings and cuttings that may be carried in the area where the damage occurs, the soup can be sterilized by warming the soup. The ground part of the cuttings or seedlings should be soaked in hot water at 30 °C ~ 40 °C for 3 to 5 minutes. After immersing in hot water at 50 ° C for 5 to 7 minutes, the latent mites can be killed.

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