1 Basic knowledge of stone and its applications Stone has some basic characteristics of natural mineral bodies. Each stone has its own different mineral composition. It is the difference of these mineral components that causes the stone to exhibit various phenomena in use. Stone is created by nature, has a variety of habits and classifications, and their ability to withstand natural damage is also different, therefore, people need to properly care and protect them. The installation and use of stone is difficult to interchange. On the one hand, the texture and color difference of the stone are very different, and the overall effect is high. On the other hand, the stone itself is used as a building material, and the replacement will produce the structure of the building. The impact will also have an impact on the normal business or use environment, so we need to carefully select and install the stone. The types and causes of stone vary, resulting in a variety of colors, different hardness and strength, and different weather resistance. These differences in stone provide a larger space for people to make reasonable stone choices. Although we can make up for some of the inherent defects of stone, we can't change the essential features of the stone material. The scientific use and selection of stone is the basic premise to ensure and improve the application effect of stone. Only by grasping the characteristics of stone and understanding its character, can we avoid the shortcomings and bad characteristics of stone according to the corresponding application environment, so as to achieve the expected effect. 2 Stone selection in landscape design In the past, when designing landscapes, designers often did not pay enough attention to the details of landscape architecture. For the details of stone, it is usually only used to simply copy the details of the site. In landscape design, due to insufficient understanding of material properties, It brings a lot of troubles to landscape design and construction, and even has a great impact on the quality of the whole project. The correct selection of stone in the landscape design can provide more scientific and reasonable use of stone for landscape design and construction process. Theoretical guidance. 2.1 According to the applicability, economy and safety, it is necessary to select the same type of rock. Because of the different varieties and places of origin, the performance will usually be very different. In the design, we should make a reasonable choice according to the actual situation. The landscape stone of the project. Consumers and designers must also purchase according to the actual situation, to minimize unnecessary costs. 2.2 Use stone according to the environment where the landscape engineering works In some environments that are close to the industrial area or have high pollution, the stone used in the garden engineering must first consider the environmental pollution factor and select the stone with strong anti-pollution and anti-corrosion ability. In those natural landscapes with better environment, priority can be given to aesthetic and natural stone. 3 places and usages where mountains and rocks are often used in gardens Lonely stone: The lake stone, the ancient beauty, the axe stone, the stalagmites stone, etc., which are often chosen for both form and spirit, are placed in the main position of the garden for people to watch. In addition to the appearance of leaking, thin, transparent, wrinkled and ugly, the stone has been circulated for many years, and it has a humanistic value and often becomes a scene in the garden. "Yuyue moved to the stone sarcophagus, and the relics of the autumn are full of feelings", such as "Ruiyunfeng" in Suzhou, "Yu Lingling" in Shanghai Yuyuan, "Yunyunfeng" in Hangzhou and "Qingzhiyu" in Beijing. Scattered stone: mainly composed of stone, layered stone, yellowstone, lake stone, stalagmites, axe, granite, scattered in the forest, mountain, roadside, edge of the stairs, corners of buildings, etc. In groups, with appropriate topography, plants and plants can become natural stools, and can also become a transition between local height difference and material change. It can also become the base of potted plants. These are some very natural tips and embellishments. Use the most extensive places of rock. Revetment stone: commonly used lake stone, yellow stone, layered stone, etc., or along a certain height difference, the mountain stacks, or along the water surface, before and after the change, high and low, the low, low, low, low, low, low, low, low, low, low, low, low, Can make it beautiful and natural. Shishan Cave: It is mainly composed of lake stone, yellowstone and outcropping stone to form an independent or semi-independent form of rock, commonly known as “stone holding soilâ€. Generally, it is about 3m high and 5m high, and the tall one can reach 10m. The pond, water curtain, flower bed and hole are often designed at the foot of the mountain. The large rockery of the Bohai Botanical Garden and the Hongyan of Shanghai Longhua Park. These are commonly referred to as "false mountains", which often appear in unit green spaces, but are difficult to promote. Mountain Stone Waterfall: According to the topography of the garden, piles of lake stones, granite, yellowstone and thousand layers of stone, guiding the water flow from top to bottom, forming a waterfall. This practice is often referred to as “wooden stone†and is currently the most common practice. 4 Problems in the selection of garden construction materials Because the garden construction project has relatively low requirements for garden design and construction technology, many designers lack comprehensive consideration and sufficient attention to the stone characteristics during design, which leads to the garden landscape not only having good structure and aesthetic function, but also very It is easy to reduce the life of the stone and cause quality problems. Relative research on the selection of stone in the garden engineering environment is relatively scarce. It is difficult to find the stone whose specification parameters and technical indicators match the garden engineering environment when selecting materials. In many cases, the use of standards in the construction industry for design, which brings great trouble to the design of the stone. In the process of material selection design, it is not enough to pay attention to the details of landscape architecture. It is often a matter of copying a certain part or it is easy to cause the garden landscape and the geographical, environmental and cultural mismatch, which is tedious. 5 Conclusion All in all, the design of the stone must be deeply studied in the garden design, providing better guidance for the selection of the stone during the design and construction of the garden landscape, making the use of the stone more scientific and more reasonable, creating a more pleasant, beautiful and comfortable Environmental landscape.
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