Abstract The current state of the domestic tool industry is low starting point and late start. Advanced high-performance tools are only developed and produced with the development of CNC high-speed machine tools in recent years. Therefore, the foundation of high-performance tool products is relatively weak, and the development speed is slow and competitive. Not strong. Chinese knives...
At present, the overall state of the domestic tool industry is low starting point and late start. Advanced high-performance tools are only developed and produced with the development of CNC high-speed machine tools in recent years. Therefore, the foundation of high-performance tool products is relatively weak, and the development speed is slow and competitive. Not strong. China's tool manufacturing industry should occupy more market share and participate in international competition in the domestic tool market. The most fundamental way out is to improve the overall tool technology level of the company, and make breakthroughs in the following three aspects.

1. Improve the performance of various tool materials based on cemented carbide
In the development of modern tool materials, cemented carbide plays a leading role (about 64%). In addition, the performance of other tool materials has been significantly improved, expanding their respective application areas, forming a whole pattern of various tool materials with unique advantages, scope of use and complement each other. It is the comprehensive and rapid development of tool materials that lays the foundation for today's high-speed, high-efficiency metal cutting.
The performance of cemented carbide is continuously improved, and the application surface is expanding, becoming the main tool material for cutting, which plays an important role in promoting the improvement of cutting efficiency. First of all, the development of fine-grained, ultrafine-grained cemented carbide materials has significantly improved the strength and toughness of cemented carbide materials, and the solid carbide tools produced by it (especially the large and medium-sized general-purpose tools such as drill bits, End mills, taps, etc.) have replaced a large number of conventional high-speed steel tools, which greatly improved the cutting speed and machining efficiency, and brought a wide range of general-purpose tools into the high-speed cutting category. Secondly, the development and application of new processes such as cemented carbide pressure sintering improve the intrinsic quality of cemented carbide, and the development of special grades for different processing requirements further improves the performance of cemented carbide. Developed a graded hard alloy with good resistance to plastic deformation and toughness. As a base material for chemically coated carbide inserts, it improves the cutting performance and application range of coated carbide inserts.
The variety of ceramic and cermet cutting tool materials is increased, the strength and toughness are improved, the application field and processing range are continuously expanded, and the hard alloy can be replaced in the finishing and semi-finishing of steel and cast iron, which improves the processing efficiency and product quality. At present, such tool materials can be used not only in single-piece and small-batch production, but also in mass production of pipelines. Because of the lower price, they can be used as the preferred tool for dry cutting and hard cutting.
The improvement of PCD and CBN superhard tool materials and the improvement of manufacturing process have made the application field expand continuously. Cylinder boring tools made of CBN have been used in the production of automatic production lines and cast iron and quenching hardware, and have expanded from the field of finishing to semi-finishing, which has greatly improved the cutting efficiency. Aluminum alloy is an important material widely used in the automotive industry, and efficient processing of aluminum alloy is a key technology. At present, due to the wide application of various high-performance PCD tools, the cutting efficiency is significantly improved, and the highest cutting speed has reached 7000m/min. The products have been expanded from turning tools and face milling cutters to end mills, drill bits, reamers and forming tools.

2. Coating as a key technology to improve tool performance
Tool coating technology has made significant progress in recent years, and surface coating has become a key technology to improve tool performance. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is still the main coating process for indexable inserts. New processes such as medium temperature CVD, thick film Al2O3, and transition layers have been developed to improve the wear resistance of CVD coatings based on improved matrix properties. Both sex and toughness have been significantly improved. CVD diamond coatings have also made great progress, improving the surface quality of the coating and entering the practical stage. At present, the coating ratio of foreign carbide indexable inserts has reached about 75%. During this period, the progress of physical vapor deposition (PVD) coating technology is particularly striking, and new progress has been made in coating furnace structure, process, automatic control technology, etc., not only for high-speed cutting, dry cutting , high-hardness coating with hard cutting (such as super TiAlN) and TiAlCN general-purpose coating with better comprehensive performance and DLC, W/C anti-friction coating, and through the innovation of coating structure, developed nano and multi-layer The layer structure coating greatly improves the hardness and toughness of the coating.
New advances in PVD coating technology show the great potential and unique advantages of coating technology for improving tool performance. Through the control of coating process parameters and the adjustment of target and reaction gases, new high-performance coatings can be continuously developed. Layers to meet the needs of processing diversity. Coating technology will become a shortcut to improve and improve tool performance, and has a very broad application prospect.

3. Constantly innovating tool structure
With the rapid development of the manufacturing industry, key industries such as the automotive industry have put forward higher requirements for cutting processing, and promoted the continuous development of indexable tools. The special set of tools developed for the automobile assembly line has broken through the traditional practice of supplying tools on demand and “closed door making”, and has become an important process factor for innovating the processing technology, improving the processing efficiency and reducing the processing cost, and plays an important role.
The agile manufacturing of the automotive industry has become a powerful driving force for the innovation of indexable tool structures, and has promoted the emergence of high-performance machining tools such as multi-function face milling cutters, various modular end mill systems, and large feed milling cutters. In order to meet the needs of high-efficiency processing of aluminum alloy components, advanced tools such as aluminum alloy high-speed machining face milling cutters with novel structure have been developed.
With the development and popularization of high-efficiency CNC machine tools, the geometric parameters of end mills, drills and other general-purpose tools are further diversified, changing the traditional pattern of standard tool parameters, which can adapt to different materials and processing conditions. The cutting performance is also improved accordingly. Some innovative tool configurations can also produce new cutting results. For example, unequal helix angle end mills can effectively suppress tool vibrations, improve machined surface quality, and increase tool depth and depth compared to standard end mills. Speed ​​of development; development of carbide taps and carbide thread milling cutters to increase threading efficiency to high-speed cutting levels, especially carbide thread milling cutters, which not only have high processing efficiency, but also have good versatility, which can significantly reduce tooling costs. .

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